What is Dietary Supplement?!
The term “dietary supplement” is defined by the DSHEA (The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994) as a product (except tobacco) intended to supplement the diet that bears or contains one or more dietary ingredients, such as a vitamin, mineral, herb or other botanical, amino acid, fatty acids or other dietary substance delivered in the form of pills, tablets, capsules, liquid, etc. for use by humans to supplement the regular diet by increasing total dietary intake, or a concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or other substance.
What is the difference between the common names of supplements?!
Dietary Supplement, Food Supplement, and Nutritional Supplement; all are terms used to describe supplements, phrases that are sometimes used interchangeably. But in truth, there are differences between them. A Food Supplement is a supplement that is obtained with the least change from the food, such as fish oil supplements or protein supplements. A Dietary Supplement is a supplement consisting of one or more food-derived components, such as vitamin and mineral supplements. But Nutritional Supplement is more general, a supplement that, in addition to the nutrients in the normal diet, has one or more botanical components or other substances.
What is the difference between Supplements and Medications?!
Medications are unsafe unless proven otherwise, but Nutritional Supplements are safe unless proven otherwise. in other words, unlike Medications, Dietary Supplements are regulated post-market, meaning that the content or safety of supplements is not assessed by a regulatory agency before being supplied to consumers.
Who needs Supplements?
Keep in mind that dietary supplements, supplement your diet, and they can never be a substitute for your diet. Not only vitamins and minerals are available in foods, they are so complex. fiber, macronutrients, phytochemicals, and thousand of nutrients and non-nutrient are not fully identified is available in a variety of foods. However, some people in some life cycles require supplements because the nutrients they require are difficult to obtain in enough amounts through food. (These people are listed in detail in the table below). Also, in some diseases, the need for some nutrients may increase for certain reasons. In addition, due to the modern lifestyle, some healthy people do not get adequate nutrients from foods.
| Population group | Nutrients |
|---|---|
| Infants and children | Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Iron |
| Women childbearing age | Iron and Vitamin B9 (Folate) |
| Pregnancy | Vitamin B9 (Folate) and Vitamin D |
| Breast-feeding | Vitamin D |
| Old age | Vitamin B12 & Vitamin D |
| Vegans | Vitamin B12 & Vitamin D |
| Athlete | Vitamin C & Iron |
References:
- Bailey RL. Current regulatory guidelines and resources to support research of dietary supplements in the United States. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. 2020;60(2):298-309.
- Whitney E, Rolfes SR. Understanding nutrition: Cengage Learning; 2019
- Marriott BP, Birt DF, Stalling VA, Yates AA. Present Knowledge in Nutrition: Basic Nutrition and Metabolism: Academic Press; 2020.
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